A cooling off came in the late 1980s when investors took flight after the Tiananmen Square massacre, and the global economy in general slowed down for a few years after the Black Monday crash. When growth resumed in the early 1990s, it was much more nuanced and better controlled. People now had more realistic expectations, and although the economy grew rapidly for many years, it seemed China was better prepared to handle that growth. Among the achievements of the 1990s was the scaling down, closure or sale of the old, bloated state industries and the ending of the iron rice bowl system—without creating mass unemployment. Workers were given support to make the transition to new careers and businesses, and many former state employees went on to become successful entrepreneurs.